A Rare And Sacred Landscape. [8] The park includes the summit depression, Kipahulu Valley on the southeast, and ʻOheʻo Gulch (and pools), extending to the shoreline in the Kipahulu area. Because of the remarkable clarity, dryness, and stillness of the air, and its elevation (with atmospheric pressure of 71 kilopascals (530 mmHg)[10]), as well as the absence of the lights of major cities, the summit of Haleakalā is one of the most sought-after locations in the world for ground-based telescopes (though to a lesser extent than Mauna Kea on neighboring Hawaii). The tallest peak of Haleakalā ("house of the sun"), at 10,023 feet (3,055 m), is Puʻu ʻUlaʻula (Red Hill). Haleakalā is also the name of a peak on the southwestern edge of Kaupō Gap. A Normal status is used to designate typical volcanic activity in a non-eruptive phase. Its last eruption happened (in geological terms) quite recently. Hooponopono (auch Ho’oponopono, Ho-oponopono) zur Lösung persönlicher und zwischenmenschlicher Konflikte. Thus, Haleakala is a distant fourth in coverage rates.[7]. Myth aside, Haleakalā emerged from the ocean floor more than a million years ago, when the Pacific Plate drifted over a hot spot—“plumes of super-heated rock,” the National Park Service explains, “that well up from deep in the Earth, melt through the crust, and build shield volcanoes.” Over time, the gradual accumulation of lava erupting from the hot spot produced Haleakalā’s formidable height and shape, which the NPS says is named as such because it resembles a “warrior’s shield—long, broad, and gently curved.”. Religious ceremonies were held on the rim of the summit and within the crater, while bird hunting was ubiquitous, in part to harvest feathers for ceremonial cloaks; some of those rituals are still performed today. Haleakala National Park contains one of two volcanoes that make up the island of Maui. Over millennia, erosion from wind and rain gave it the distinctive shape it presents today; and though it’s frequently referred to as Haleakalā Crater, the “crater” here is a misnomer: Geologists regard the volcano’s hollow an “erosional depression,” in that it was created from two valleys merging. It is important to remember, however, that the time over which various active volcanoes on the islands remain active is long (hunders of thousands of years) so that significant overlap in ages occur on neighboring islands. The area was designated a national park back in 1976, although it was originally part of the Hawaii National Park since 1916. Haleakala National Park in an American national park that’s named after the dormant volcano on its site. Interestingly Haleakala Volcano is not actually extinct – it is an active but currently dormant volcano. According to the United States Geological Survey USGS Volcano Warning Scheme for the United States, the Volcano Alert Level for Haleakala as of August 2015 was "normal". spacecraft, monitoring satellites, rockets, and laser technology) rather than celestial objects. It began operating in 1981 and was upgraded in 1988. Haleakala is an active, but not currently erupting, volcano that last released its fury in 1790. However, the frequency of eruption of a volcano is only one of the criteria on which hazards are based. These two rift zones together form an arc that extends from La Perouse Bay on the southwest, through the Haleakalā Crater, and to Hāna to the east. Nevertheless, new telescopes are added, such as the Pan-STARRS in 2006. It’s a veritable moonscape that feel absolutely otherworldly. By way of comparison, both Mauna Loa and Kilauea have erupted more than a dozen times each in the last 90 years. The result of volcanic activity that took place roughly 1 million years ago, this volcano has played an active role in the geological and cultural history of the Hawaiian islands. Haleakala National Park With a size of 52 sq miles offers home to many unusual animals and plants. [5], On the island of Hawaiʻi, lava-flow hazards are rated on a scale of one through nine with one being the zone of highest hazard and nine being the zone of lowest hazard. This is aggravated by the fact that trails lead downhill from parking areas into the crater. Other areas of Haleakala are rated comparable to the lava-flow hazards of Mauna Kea and Kohala (Hazard Zones 7 through 9). [13] The road is open to the public (although parts of it are restricted) and is a well-maintained two-lane highway containing many blind turns and very steep dropoffs. From the summit, there are two main trails leading into Haleakalā: Sliding Sands Trail and Halemauʻu Trail. The road up to the volcano is relatively easy to drive on compared to Mauna Kea. Hualalai has an eruption rate comparable to Haleakala. Because of this, hikers are faced with a difficult return ascent after potentially descending 2000 ft or more to the crater floor. Cycling and horseback riding are other popular ways to explore the park. Haleakalā's summit experiences a cold-summer Mediterranean climate (Köppen classification Csc), one of the few locations in the world with this climate type. According to the legend, Māui's grandmother helped him capture the sun and force it to slow its journey across the sky in order to lengthen the day. Although there has been no activity for centuries, It is still considered an active volcano. According to Hawaiian legend, the volcano—which is frequently referred to as the “House of the Sun”—is the spot at which the demigod Maui ensnared the sun, freeing it only after it promised to linger longer in the sky. This popular volcano is located on Maui. While many of the current practices are unseen to visitors—such as people driving to the volcano to seek spiritual guidance by visiting one of the two ahu, or stone altars, at the summit—artifacts of Haleakalā’s cultural significance, from heiau (temple) to pictographs and ancient platforms, remain. [11][12], A well traveled Haleakalā Highway, completed in 1935, is a road mainly composed of switchbacks that leads to the peak of Haleakala. Haleakala is more than a sight—it's a legendary spot on the Earth. USGS Volcano Warning Scheme for the United States, List of mountain peaks of the United States, "Youngest lava flows on East Maui probably older than A.D. 1790", "How do Maui lava-flow hazard zone numbers compare to those on Hawaii island? Spectacular, humbling, awe-inspiring, grand—myriad superlatives are often bandied about to describe Maui’s famed volcano, Haleakalā. The name Haleakala derives from the legend that the demigod Maui imprisoned the Sun there in order to lengthen the day. Hier … The temperature near the summit tends to vary between about 40 °F (5 °C) and 60 °F (16 °C) and, especially given the thin air and the possibility of dehydration at that elevation, the walking trails can be more challenging than one might expect. Arrive from one of Maui’s resort towns, clustered around the sea, and you’ll pass through rolling hills reminiscent of Northern California, where eucalyptus and jacaranda bloom in pastures filled with horses and cattle. From the summit one looks down into a massive depression some 11.25 km (7 mi) across, 3.2 km (2 mi) wide, and nearly 800 m (2,600 ft) deep. The program is in collaboration with defense contractors in the Maui Research and Technology Park in Kihei. Haleakala has produced numerous eruptions in the last 30,000 years, including in the last 500 years. Explore the Haleakala National Park on their website and see what it’s all about! Learn more about legends of Haleakala. [15] Some tour operators now offer a modified version of the service which descends 6,500 feet from outside of the National Park.[16]. This region is believed to have begun experiencing lava flows … The east rift zone continues under the ocean beyond the east coast of Maui as Haleakalā Ridge, making the combined rift zones one of the longest in the Hawaiian Islands chain.[3]. [7], Using this same scale, preliminary estimates of lava-flow hazard zones on Maui made in 1983 by the U.S. Geological Survey rated the summit and southwest rift zone of Haleakala as Hazard Zone 3. Vegetation is sparse in this area, but the spectacular Haleakala silversword is found only here. Along … The West Maui Mountains were the first volcano to rise above sea level some 2 million years ago. Haleakala Crater looms 10,023 feet above the Pacific Ocean, taking up three-quarters of Maui’s 727 square miles. The Haleakala Gamma Ray Observatory was a six-mirror Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescope on an equatorial mount. One of Maui's Two Parent Volcanoes: Haleakala is a large shield volcano responsible for forming over 75 percent of the Hawaiian island of Maui. “Because the summit wilderness sits many thousands of feet above the ocean in its own sea of clouds, there is no way to understand whether you are seeing something vast, with towering features, or something compact, a Toyland of Crayola colors in all the chocolates, reds and greens.”, Here, rare and compelling features abound, such as multicolored cinder cones. About Haleakala Summit Maui is a demigod and according to the myth, the sun god La was fond of sleeping so he would race across the sky shortening the days making it impossible to … Haleakalā is considered a dormant volcano—or, in other words, a hulking giant at rest. Widely considered the largest ‘dormant’ volcano in the world, Haleakala is actually still active, though it hasn’t exhibited any volcanic activity since its most recent eruption in 1790. It’s a magical place so by all means, get yourselves there! Contrary to popular belief, Haleakalā crater is not volcanic in origin, nor can it accurately be called a caldera (which is formed when the summit of a volcano collapses to form a depression). Haleakalā (/ˌhɑːliˌɑːkəˈlɑː/; Hawaiian: [ˈhɐlɛˈjɐkəˈlaː]), or the East Maui Volcano, is a massive shield volcano that forms more than 75% of the Hawaiian Island of Maui. “As with many Native American people, the bones of the dead are considered repositories of spiritual energy, or mana, and are revered by native Hawaiians.”. Several eruptions have taken place at Haleakala within the past 1,000 years, and it is still considered an active volcano. Called pu’u in Hawaiian, these cinder cones form “when gas is trapped in lava during an eruption and forces the lava to eject as a fountain; much like when you shake a carbonated drink can and then break the seal,” the National Park Service explains. The steep, downslope areas of the Kanaio and Kahikinui ahupuaʻa and the area north of Hana are rated as Hazard Zone 4. We’re trying to incorporate traditional knowledge into management practices.” Native Hawaiian rangers, consultations with Hawaiian elders (or kupuna), and the inclusion of oral histories in the park’s programs are just a few of the steps being taken to achieve this end. Haleakala sunrise inspire 1.5 million visitors annually. For example, the summits and rift zones of Kilauea and Mauna Loa volcanoes are rated Hazard Zone 1. Haleakala sunrise inspire 1.5 million visitors annually. Haleakala is estimated to be around 1 million years old. “As with many Native American people, the bones of the dead are considered repositories of spiritual energy, or, While many of the current practices are unseen to visitors—such as people driving to the volcano to seek spiritual guidance by visiting one of the two, “Haleakalā has always been that place I go to cleanse, to think, to give, Given its history and the power it continues to emanate, a number of Hawaiians have expressed frustration “that their ancestral relationship to the land has been severed,”. Hawaiians say ‘if you haven’t been to Haleakala, you haven’t been to Maui or at least looked into its soul’. Some of the telescopes operated by the US Department of Defense are involved in researching man-made (e.g. HAVE ANY OTHER VOLCANOES ERUPTED RECENTLY? Scientists allege … At the very top of the massive mountain, you’ll find Haleakala Crater. “Hawaiians today use some of the sites in Haleakalā as their ancestors used for ceremonial purposes,” the park’s cultural resources manager Elizabeth Gordon says, while associate professor of Hawaiian studies at the University of Hawaii Maui college Kiope Raymond cites the worship of different deities, the solstice, and the burial of newborns’ umbilical cords, alongside the remains of their ancestors, as ongoing practices. Recent advanced dating tests, however, have shown that the last eruption was more likely to have been in the 17th century. We did it in our tiny rental and made it just fine. The entrance to the National Park at the summit of Haleakala is about a 2-hour drive from Lahaina. Scientists believe that Haleakalā's crater was formed when the headwalls of two large erosional valleys merged at the summit of the volcano. The Haleakalā Ranger station, at a lower elevation, lies in the subtropical highland climate zone. The crater is 3,000 feet deep, 7.5 miles long and 2.5 miles wide with a total circumference of 22 miles.One of the world's most spectacular views is from the Haleakala summit. One is on Maui: Haleakala. The Haleakala volcano is still active, but don’t expect to see any lava flowing. ", "National Park Service suspends popular Hawaii bike tour", National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Time Lapse animations of the Haleakalā Crater Webcam, Hike Maui, An Authorized Haleakalā Tour Operator, The 126 most prominent summits of the United States of America, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Haleakalā&oldid=1012134770, Highest points of United States national parks, Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the United States Geological Survey, Pages using infobox mountain with deprecated parameters, Pages using Sister project links with default search, Wikipedia articles with WorldCat-VIAF identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 14 March 2021, at 20:11. Is Haleakala an active volcano? Going down as one of the highest peaks in the Pacific Ocean, it’s difficult to believe the World Heritage site is much taller than it seems; indeed, only the volcano’s very top—approximately 5%—is above sea level. Haleakala has erupted three times in approximately the last 900 years. The Maui Hazard Zone numbers are two less than the equivalent Hawaiʻi Hazard Zone numbers. The last is Loihi, which is underwater to Kilauea's south. Für Frieden, Glück, Gesundheit, Wohlstand. As Maui’s loftiest peak, it soars 10,023 feet above sea level and holds the title as one of the world’s largest dormant volcano. Take for instance Haleakala on Maui: Although it is a great distance away from the presently erupting Kilauea, Haleakala last erupted only about 200 years ago. The surrounding walls are steep and the interior mostly barren-looking with a scattering of volcanic cones. According to Hawaiian legend, the volcano—which is frequently referred to as the, Over millennia, erosion from wind and rain gave it the distinctive shape it presents today; and though it’s frequently referred to as Haleakalā, Haleakalā’s cultural significance and heritage, “Hawaiians today use some of the sites in Haleakalā as their ancestors used for ceremonial purposes,” the park’s cultural resources manager Elizabeth Gordon says, while associate professor of Hawaiian studies at the University of Hawaii Maui college Kiope Raymond cites the worship of different deities, the solstice, and the burial of newborns’ umbilical cords, alongside the remains of their ancestors, as ongoing practices. “Haleakalā has always been that place I go to cleanse, to think, to give pule (prayer), to find answers,” Tiare Lawrence, a community organizer on Maui, says. Getting There. Eventually, these valleys formed gaps that merged at the volcano summit to create a crater-like basin. Arrive for sunset and stay to look through a telescope after dark. It is currently listed as having a “normal” or green threat level by the USGS. Whether you’re dreaming up your Valley Isle vacation or simply gathering facts about one of the world’s largest “dormant” volcanoes, here’s the lowdown on Maui’s biggest bulwark and why it receives endless awe and praise. Land Use. The western 25% of the island is formed by another volcano, Mauna Kahalawai, also referred to as the West Maui Mountains. The astronomers on Haleakalā are concerned about increasing light pollution as Maui's population grows. Over 200 years later the land surrounding the lava flow is still barren. Haleakala has produced numerous eruptions in the last 30,000 years, including in the last 500 years. Haleakala is an active volcano, and the lunar-like summit area and 12 km-wide crater consist of bare lava, ash, and cinder. [6][7], These high hazard estimates for Haleakala are based on the frequency of its eruptions. Haleakala means “house of the sun.” Mount Haleakala is still considered an active volcano even though it has not erupted since the 17th century. Haleakala was last active in the late 18th century and is the larger of the two volcanoes that form the island of Maui. The road to Haleakala. East Maui volcano, known as Haleakalā, has witnessed at least ten eruptions in the past 1,000 years, and numerous eruptions have occurred there in the past 10,000 years. Haleakala Volcano rises 10,000 ft above sea level and has a spectacular crater at the summit. Surrounding and including the crater is Haleakalā National Park, a 30,183-acre (122.15 km2) park, of which 24,719 acres (100.03 km2) are wilderness. Several volcanoes on the Big Island and Maui are considered active and subject to monitoring. The Multicolor Active Galactic Nuclei Monitoring (MAGNUM) was a 2.0 m (79 in) near infrared telescope operated by the University of Tokyo. 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